Electric Arc Furnace VS Submerged Arc Furnace

Aug. 04, 2024

Electric Arc Furnace VS Submerged Arc Furnace

Characteristics & Differences Between EAF VS SAF


Characteristics of Electric Arc Furnace VS Submerged Arc Furnace

  1. Electric arc furnaces is a kind of industrial frequency electric furnace that uses electric arc energy to smelt metal. Electric arc furnaces used in industry can be divided into three categories:

  • The first category is direct heating type

  • The second category is indirect heating type,

  • The third category is called submerged arc furnace

Therefore, submerged arc furnace is also a kind of electric arc furnace.


  1. Electric arc furnace is an electric furnace that uses the high temperature generated by the electrode arc to melt ore and metal. When the gas discharge forms an arc, the energy is very concentrated, and the temperature in the arc zone is above 3000℃.

    For smelting metal, it can effectively remove impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus, the furnace temperature is easy to control, the equipment occupies a small area, and is suitable for the smelting of high-quality alloy steel.


  2. Submerged arc furnace uses high resistivity ore as raw material. It is mainly used for reducing smelting ore, carbonaceous reducing agent and solvent and other raw materials. It mainly produces ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferrotungsten, silicon-manganese alloy and other ferroalloys, which are important industrial raw materials in the metallurgical industry and chemical raw materials such as calcium carbide. Its working characteristics are the use of carbon or magnesium refractory materials as furnace lining and the use of self-heating electrodes.


Difference: Electric Arc Furnace VS Submerged Arc Furnace


Properties:


  1. Electric Arc Furnace: It is an electric furnace that uses the high temperature generated by the electrode arc to melt ores and metals.

    EAF can be divided into three-phase electric arc furnaces, consumable electric arc furnaces, single-phase electric arc furnaces and resistance electric arc melting furnaces according to the arc form.

  2. The furnace body of the electric arc steelmaking furnace consists of a furnace cover, a furnace door, a steel tapping trough and a furnace body. The furnace bottom and furnace wall are built with alkaline refractory materials or acidic refractory materials.

  3. Electric arc steelmaking furnaces are divided into ordinary power electric arc furnaces, high power electric arc furnaces and ultra-high power electric arc furnaces according to the transformer capacity per ton of furnace capacity.

  4. Electric arc furnace steelmaking is to input electrical energy into the electric arc steelmaking furnace through graphite electrodes, and use the arc generated between the electrode end and the charge as the heat source for steelmaking.

  5. The electric arc furnace uses electric energy as a heat source and can adjust the atmosphere in the furnace, which is extremely beneficial for smelting steel containing more easily oxidized elements.

    With the improvement of electric arc furnace equipment and the improvement of smelting technology, the development of the power industry, the cost of electric arc furnace steelmaking has continued to decline. Now electric arc furnace steelmaking is not only used to produce alloy steel, but also used in large quantities to produce ordinary carbon steel. Its proportion in the total steel production of major industrial countries continues to rise.


Submerged arc furnace: also known as electric arc furnace or resistance furnace. Its an industrial electric furnace with huge power consumption.

  1. According to the structural characteristics and working characteristics of the submerged arc furnaces, 70% of the system reactance of the SAF is generated by the short network system, and the short network is a system with a large current operation. The maximum current can reach tens of thousands of amperes, so the performance of the short network determines the performance of the submerged arc furnace.

  2. Its for this reason that the natural power factor of the submerged arc furnace is difficult to reach above 0.85. The natural power factor of most furnaces is between 0.7 and 0.8.

    Improving the power factor of the short network and reducing the imbalance of the power grid has become a way to reduce energy consumption. If appropriate measures are taken to improve the short-circuit power factor, the following effects can be achieved:

    Reducing production power consumption by 3%~6%;

    Increasing product output by 5%~15%.


Characteristics


  1. Electric Arc Furnace:

The electric arc furnace has greater process flexibility than other steelmaking furnaces, can effectively remove impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus, the furnace temperature is easy to control, the equipment occupies a small area, and is suitable for the smelting of high-quality alloy steel.


2. Submerged Arc Furnaces: 

Its working characteristics are the use of carbon or magnesium refractory materials as furnace linings and the use of self-training electrodes. The electrodes are inserted into the charge for submerged arc operation, and the energy of the arc and the current passing through the charge are used to generate energy due to the resistance of the charge to melt the metal, and the charge is added successively, and the iron slag is discharged intermittently, and it is an industrial electric furnace that operates continuously.


The above is the knowledge about electric arc furnace VS submerged arc furnace. As star equipment in the smelting industry, they have their own characteristics and advantages. You can choose a suitable smelting furnace to use according to the project requirements such as raw materials and smelting materials.

If you have any questions or needs, please contact Sanrui Furnace. Our professional and fast sales team and technical team will give you a solution and suggestions.

Latest Products

Customized metallurgical machinery and equipment range: Electric Arc Furnace, Submerged Arc Furnace, LF Refining Furnace, Vacuum Furnace, Induction Furnace, Dust Remove System, Water Treatment Equipment, etc. Providing the most advanced equipment integration services, metallurgical equipment can be customized according to different needs of customers, and production capacity can be adjusted according to customer requirements.

Electric Arc Furnace

Submerged Arc Furnace

LF Refining Furnace

VD / VOD Vacuum Refining Furnace

Induction Furnace

Furnace Accessories

5 Ton Electric Arc Furnace

5 Ton Electric Arc Furnace

The 5 ton electric arc furnace for steel-making is a special purpose equipment that makes ordinary steel, quality carbon steel, alloy steel and non-corrosive steel with electric arc as heat source and scrap steel (iron) as raw material.

15 Ton Electric Arc Furnace

15 Ton Electric Arc Furnace

15-ton electric arc furnace is used for the short-process steelmaking process, using 100% scrap steel or scrap steel + molten iron (pig iron), or scrap steel + sponge iron (DRI) as raw materials for steelmaking.

30 Ton AC Electric Arc Furnace

30 Ton AC Electric Arc Furnace

The 30-ton AC electric arc furnace is used to melt scrap steel to produce steel. Electrical energy is used to melt scrap steel. An arc forms between the charged material and the electrode.

30 Ton Electric Arc Furnace

30 Ton Electric Arc Furnace

30 Ton electric arc furnace is used for steelmaking short process smelting, using 100% scrap steel or scrap steel + molten iron (pig iron), or scrap steel + sponge iron (DRI) as raw materials for steelmaking.

50 Ton Ultra-high Power Electric Arc Furnace

50 Ton Ultra-high Power Electric Arc Furnace

The 50-ton ultra-high power electric arc furnace (50TUPH EAF) adopts ultra-high power, high impedance technology, bottom tapping technology (ETB), furnace wall oxygen oil burner and furnace door carbon-oxygen gun technology.

DC Electric Arc Furnace

DC Electric Arc Furnace

DC electric arc furnace is an electric arc furnace supplying electric energy with DC power supply. There is only one electrode on the top of the DC arc furnace, which is the negative electrode, and the bottom electrode is the positive electrode.

Electric Arc Furnace

Electric Arc Furnace

Electric arc furnaces are used to melt scrap steel for steel production. Electrical energy is used to melt scrap steel. An arc forms between the charged material and the electrode. The heat generated by the arc melts the scrap.

Electric Arc Furnace Steel Making

Electric Arc Furnace Steel Making

Electric arc furnace steel making is a steelmaking method that uses the thermal effect of electric arc to heat the charge for melting.

Ultra-high Power Electric Arc Furnace

Ultra-high Power Electric Arc Furnace

Ultra-high power electric arc furnace mainly changes the arc characteristics of high voltage and long arc to the arc characteristics of high current, low voltage and short arc

2×36000KVA Closed Pig Iron Submerged Arc Furnace

2×36000KVA Closed Pig Iron Submerged Arc Furnace

The closed pig iron furnace (submerged arc furnace iron making) is a non-blast furnace iron making method. Under the premise of guaranteeing the power supply, it is easy to solve the problem by using the reducing agent required by the submerged arc furnace iron making.

Ferroalloy Refining Furnace

Ferroalloy Refining Furnace

The main mechanical device design of Sanui ferroalloy refining furnace combines China's national conditions and draws on international advanced technologies such as Demark and Pyremate.

25.5MVA Ferronickel Submerged Arc Furnace

25.5MVA Ferronickel Submerged Arc Furnace

The Ferronickel submerged arc furnace is a special submerged arc furnace used for smelting nickel-iron alloy. Its main function is to add nickel ore, carbonaceous reducing agent (such as coke) and limestone and other raw materials into the furnace in a certain proportion

Ferrosilicon Furnace

Ferrosilicon Furnace

The main mechanical device design of Sanui ferrosilicon furnace combines China's national conditions and draws on international advanced technologies such as Demark and Pyremate.

High Carbon Ferrochrome Furnace

High Carbon Ferrochrome Furnace

The main mechanical device design of Sanui high carbon ferrochrome furnace combines China's national conditions and draws on international advanced technologies such as Demark and Pyremate.

25500KVA Industrial Silicon Submerged Arc Melting Furnace

25500KVA Industrial Silicon Submerged Arc Melting Furnace

Industrial silicon submerged arc furnace is an important equipment in silicon ore processing, playing a key role in the silicon industry.

Manganese Silicon Alloy Furnace

Manganese Silicon Alloy Furnace

The manganese silicon alloy furnace is mainly used to smelt silicon-manganese alloy, which is an alloy containing silicon and manganese.

Submerged Arc Furnace

Submerged Arc Furnace

The design of the submerged arc furnace main mechanical device by Sanui is based on China's national conditions and draws on international advanced technologies such as Demark and Perlmutter.

Submerged Electric Arc Furnace

Submerged Electric Arc Furnace

Submerged electric arc furnace is mainly used for reducing and smelting raw materials such as ore, carbonaceous reducing agent and solvent. It mainly produces ferroalloys such as ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferrotungsten, silicon-manganese alloy, etc.

Titanium Slag Furnace

Titanium Slag Furnace

Titanium slag production adopts titanium slag electric furnace (circular furnace and rectangular furnace according to its shape) smelting process.

LF 20T Ladle Refining Furnace

LF 20T Ladle Refining Furnace

The LF 20 T ladle refining furnace has the functions of arc heating under normal pressure, argon blowing and stirring at the bottom of the ladle, and reducing slag making in the ladle.

LF Ladle Refining Furnace

LF Ladle Refining Furnace

LF ladle refining furnace is a bottom-blown argon ladle furnace with three-phase submerged arc heating under normal pressure. It is a device for refining molten steel in a ladle.

VD Vacuum Refining Furnace

VD Vacuum Refining Furnace

VD vacuum refining furnace is a commonly used refining process equipment, mainly used for deoxidation, impurity removal and other operations of molten steel, so as to obtain high purity, low impurity content of high quality steel.

VOD Vacuum Refining Furnace

VOD Vacuum Refining Furnace

VOD vacuum refining furnace has multiple functions such as vacuum degassing, oxygen blowing decarburization, vacuum charging, argon blowing stirring, non-vacuum temperature measurement sampling, wire feeding, etc.

Induction Furnace

Induction Furnace

An induction furnace is an electric furnace that uses the induction electrothermal effect of the material to heat or melt the material. The main components of an induction furnace are sensors, furnace body, power supply, capacitors and control system.

3 Tons Medium Frequency Coreless Induction Furnace

3 Tons Medium Frequency Coreless Induction Furnace

​The 3-ton medium frequency coreless induction furnace adopts a 6-phase 12-pulse double rectifier control system. A 2000KVA special rectifier transformer is used for the 2000KW medium frequency power supply.

Conductive Cross Arm

Conductive Cross Arm

The conductive arm of an electric arc furnace (EAF) is primarily composed of the front electrode conductive arm holder, a water-cooled clamping ring, the arm body, and the rear conductive copper plate.

EAF Charging Basket

EAF Charging Basket

The scrap charging basket of the electric arc furnace is mainly used for loading and conveying raw materials such as scrap steel into the electric arc furnace for smelting.

EAF Electrode Holder

EAF Electrode Holder

There are many insulation links between the EAF electrode holder and the conductive cross arm body, which greatly simplifies the cconductive cross arm structure and is a new type of electrode arm on the ultra-high power arc furnace.

EAF Water Cooled Roof

EAF Water Cooled Roof

Generally, the furnace cover of the electric arc furnace adopts the tubular water-cooled closed tube furnace cover structure.

Electrode Lifting Device

Electrode Lifting Device

The electrode lifting mechanism of electric arc furnace is composed of conductive cross arm and electrode column device.

Forged Copper Tile

Forged Copper Tile

Forged copper tile is one of the main accessories in submerged arc furnace (silicon metal furnace, calcium carbide furnace and iron alloy furnace). It generates heat energy due to passing through large current at high temperature, and is easy to be damaged due to poor working environment.

Furnace Cover Lifting and Rotating Device

Furnace Cover Lifting and Rotating Device

The furnace cover lifting and rotating device consists of a furnace cover lifting mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a rotating frame.

Submerged Arc Furnace Pressure Ring

Submerged Arc Furnace Pressure Ring

Submerged arc furnace pressure ring is used to monitor the change of air pressure in the furnace in real time, and adjust the air pressure automatically or manually according to the preset parameters to ensure the stability of air pressure in the furnace

Submerged Arc Furnace Water-cooled Roof

Submerged Arc Furnace Water-cooled Roof

Submerged arc furnace water-cooled Roof is an important part of submerged arc furnace (also known as electric arc furnace, calcium carbide furnace or mining furnace), which is mainly used to close the top of furnace body and bear the high temperature and pressure in the furnace.

Short Network

Short Network

Short network bus systems), also known as high current line, refers to the general term of the carrier fluid from the secondary outlet terminal of the transformer to the electrode (including the electrode).

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